People prefer to move in ways that minimize their energetic cost. For example, people tend to walk at a speed that minimizes energy use per…
This paper demonstrates methods for the online optimization of assistive robotic devices such as powered prostheses, orthoses and exoskeletons. Our algorithms estimate the value of…
Respiratory measures of oxygen and carbon dioxide are routinely used to estimate the body’s steady-state metabolic energy use. However, slow mitochondrial dynamics, long transit times,…